Home＞Faculty＞Chang, Wen-whei Professor


FACULTY
Chang, Wen-whei
Professor
Group: Group B (Artificial Intelligent and Computer Engineering)
Office: 電機乙
Laboratory: ED812A
Telephone: 03-5712121#31377
E-Mail: wwchang[at]nycu.edu.tw
Learning Experience
Wen-Whei Chang received the B.S. degree in communication engineering from National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1980, and the M.Eng. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, in 1985 and 1989, respectively. Since 1989, he has been a Faculty Member at the Communication Engineering Department of National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, where he is currently professor. In the summer of 2000, he was on leave at the school of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Research Expertise
．Source-Channel Coding
．Digital Watermark
．Speech Signal Processing
Research Results
期刊論文
  1. Yu-Hung Chuang, Yu-Chieh Huang, Wen-Whei Chang, and Jen-Tzung Chien, Derivation of Chest‐Lead ECG from Limb‐Lead Using Temporal Convolutional Network in Variational Mode Decomposition Domain. Electronics Letters, 2022, 58(19), 740-742.
  2. Yu-Hung Chuang, Chia-Ling Huang, Wen-Whei Chang, and Jen-Tzung Chien, Automatic Classification of Myocardial Infarction Using Spline Representation of Single-Lead Derived Vectorcardiography, Sensors 2020, 20(24):7246.
  3. Hang-Ying Lin, Chien-Chieh Huang, Wen-Whei Chang, and Jen-Tzung Chien, The Role of Accent and Grouping Structures in Estimating Musical Meters. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Science, E103, A(4): 649-656, April 2020.
  4. Hung-Tsai Wu, Chun-Feng Wu, and Wen-Whei Chang, Iterative Symbol Decoding of Variable-Length Codes with Convolutional Codes. Journal of Communications and Networks, 18(1), 40-49, 2016.
  5. Hung-Tsai Wu, Yi-Ting Wu, and Wen-Whei Chang, Biometric Identification Using JPEG2000 Compressed ECG Signals. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., E98-D(10), 1829-1837, 2015.
  6. Hung-Tsai Wu, Wei-Ying Tsai, and Wen-Whei Chang, Distributed Source Coding for Real-Time ECG Signal Monitoring. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., E97-D(8), 2157-2165, 2014.
  7. Chun-Feng Wu and Wen-Whei Chang, Joint Playout and FEC Control for Multi-Stream Voice over IP Networks. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 36(2), 224-235, 2013.
  8. IET Communications, 6(13), 1968-1975, 2012.
  9. Chun-Feng Wu, Wen-Whei Chang, and Yuan-Chuan Chiang, Perceptual-Based Playout Mechanisms for Multi- Stream Voice over IP Networks. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., E94-D(5), 1018-1025, 2011.
  10. Chun-Feng Wu and Wen-Whei Chang, Iterative source-channel Decoding Using Symbol-level Extrinsic Information. IEICE Transactions on Communications, E93-B(12), 3555-3563, 2010.
  11. C. L. Lee and W. W. Chang, Channel-Optimized Error Mitigation for Distributed Speech Recognition over Wireless Networks. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol.32, No.1, pp.45-51, 2009.
  12. C. L. Lee, W. W. Chang and Y. C. Chiang, Spectral and Prosodic Transformations of Hearing-Impaired Mandarin Speech. Speech Communication, Vol.48, No.22, pp.207-219, 2006.
  13. H. Wang, S. N. Koh, and W. W. Chang*, Application of Reversible Variable-Length Codes in Robust Speech Coding. IEE Proceedings - Communications, Vol.152, No.3, pp.272-276, 2005.
  14. H. I. Hsu, W. W. Chang, X. Liu and S. N. Koh, Memory-Enhanced MMSE Decoding in Vector Quantization. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., Vol.E86-D, No.10, pp.2218-2222, 2003.
  15. W. W. Chang and H. I. Hsu, Index Assignment in Vector Quantization for Channels with Memory. IEE Proceedings – Vision, Image and Signal Processing, Vol.149, No.3, pp.162-167, 2002.
  16. W. H. Tsai and W. W. Chang, Discriminative Training of Gaussian Mixture Bigram Models with Application to Chinese Dialect Identification. Speech Communication, Vol.36, No.3-4, 317-326, 2002.
  17. W. H. Tsai, W. W. Chang and C. S. Huang, Text-Independent Speaker Identification Based on Explicit Exploitation of Stochastic Characteristics of Test Utterance. Electronics Letters, Vol.37, No.25, pp.1556-1557, 2001.
  18. W. W. Chang, D. Y. Wang and T. H. Tan, Robust Vector Quantization for Wireless Channels. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.19, No.7, pp.1365-1373, 2001.
  19. W. W. Chang and H. I. Hsu, Constrained VQ Codebook Design for Noisy Channels. Electronics Letters, Vol.37, No.10, pp.2107-2112, 2001.
  20. W. H. Tsai and W. W. Chang, Chinese Dialect Identification Based on Genetic Algorithm for Discriminative Training of Bigram Model. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., E83-D No.12, 2183-2185, 2000.
  21. W. W. Chang and H. I. Hsu, The Automated Cryptanalysis of DFT-based Speech Scramblers. IEICE Trans. Info. Syst., Vol.E83-D No.12 pp.2107-2112, 2000.
  22. W. W. Chang and W. H. Tsai, Chinese Dialect Identification Using Segmental and Prosodic Features. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol.108, No.4, pp.1906-1913, 2000.
  23. T. H. Tan and W. W. Chang, A Hybrid Strategy for Gilbert’s Channel Characterization Using Gradient and Annealing Techniques . International Journal of Systems Science, 29(6), 579-585, 1998.
  24. W. W. Chang and D. Y. Wang, Quality Enhancement of Sinusoidal Transform Vocoders. IEE Proceedings-Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 145(6), 379-383, 1998.
  25. W. W. Chang and D. Y. Wang, Perception-Based Quantization of LPC Excitation Parameters. IEE Proceedings-Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 145(3), 155-159, 1998.
  26. W. W. Chang, J. Y. Wang, and T. H. Tan, The Statistical Cryptanalysis of DFT-Based Speech Scramblers. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Electrical Engineering, 3(4), 307-314, 1996.
  27. T. H. Tan and W. W. Chang, Estimation of the Gilbert Model Parameters Using the Simulated Annealing Method. Electronics Letters , 32(14), 1256-1258, 1996.
  28. W. W. Chang and C. T. Wang, A Masking-Threshold-Adapted Weighting Filter for Excitation Search . IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing , 4(2), 124-132, 1996.
  29. W. W. Chang and J. D. Gibson, Smoothed DPCM Codes . IEEE Trans. on Communications , 39(9), 1351-1359, 1991.
  30. J. D. Gibson and W. W. Chang, Fractional Rate Multi-Tree Speech Coding . IEEE Trans. on Communications, 39(6), 963-974, Jun. 1991.
  31. W. W. Chang and J. D. Gibson, Path Map Symbol Release Rules and the Exponential Metric Tree . IEEE Trans. on Information Theory , 36(5), 1134-1139, Sep. 1990.
  32. J. D. Gibson and W. W. Chang, Objective and Subjective Optimization of APC System Performance . IEEE Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing , 38(6), 1053-1058, June 1990.

研討會論文
  1. Shu-Wei Ho, Wei-Ning Chang, Wen-Whei Chang, Sin-Horng Chen, Music Danceability Prediction with Low- and High-Level Audio Features, International Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taiwan, Nov. 2023. (最佳論文獎).
  2. C.Y. Lee, S.Y. Chiu, Y.H. Hsu, and W.W. Chang, Emotion Recognition Using Short-Term Cardio-Respiratory Features, International Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taiwan, Nov. 2023. (最佳論文獎).
  3. J.W. Huang, Y.H. Hsu, W.N. Chang, W.W. Chang, and S.H. Chen, Mutimodal Feature Extraction and Fusion for Music Emotion Recognition, International Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taiwan, Nov. 2023. (最佳論文獎).
  4. L.Y. Tseng, T.L. Lin, H.H. Shuai, J.W. Huang, and W.W. Chang, A Dataset and Baselines for Measuring and Predicting the Music Piece Memorability, Ismir 2023 Hybrid Conference. Milan, Italy, Nov. 2023.
  5. Y.H. Chuang, C.Y. Lee, Y.H. Chen and W.W. Chang, A Hybrid System for Myocardial Infarction Classification with Derived VCG, International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), Paris, France, July 2023.
  6. Y.H. Chen, C.Y. Lee, and W.W Chang, Wavelet Scattering Feature Extraction for ECG-Based Emotion Recognition, Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taiwan, Nov. 2022. (最佳論文獎).
  7. W.C. Wang, C.Y. Lee, J.W. Huang, and W.W Chang, A Hybrid System for Melody Harmonization with Style Transfer, Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taiwan, Nov. 2022.
  8. Yu-Hung Chuang, Chia-Ling Huang, Wen-Whei Chang, and Jen-Tzung Chien, Classification of myocardial infarction using single-lead derived VCG, Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2020. (最佳論文獎)
  9. Kai-Chun Huang, Chia-Ling Huang, Yu-Hung Chuang, and Wen-Whei Chang, Score following in symbolic music using temporal and grouping information, Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2020.
  10. Yu-Hung Chuang, Wei-Chuan Wang, Chia-Ling Huang and Wen-Whei Chang, Improved meter estimation using accent and grouping information from MIDI music, Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2020.
  11. H.Y. Lin, C.C. Huang, W.W. Chang, and J.T. Chien, Meter estimation using accent and grouping structures of music, Taiwan Telecommunications Annual Symposium, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Jan. 2020.
  12. K.C. Huang, H.S. Chen, G.S. Wu, and W.W. Chang, The role of grouping structure in automatic detection of musical meter. National Symposium on Telecommunications, Taipei, Taiwan, Jan. 2018.
  13. Heng-Shao Chen, Yu-Chen Chang, and Wen-Whei Chang, Automatic evaluation for a scale performance by the MIDI-Piano. Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Hualien, Nov. 2016.
  14. Wan-Jou Lee and Wen-Whei Chang, Compressed Domain ECG Biometric with Two-Lead Features. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition, Tokyo, Japan, July 2016. (Best Demo Award)
  15. Y.T. Wu, H.T. Wu and W.W. Chang, Compressed Domain ECG Biometric Identification using JPEG2000. International Conference on Signal Processing and Multimedia Applications, Colmar, France, July 2015. (Best Student Paper Award)
  16. Y.T. Wu, H.T. Wu, and W.W. Chang, Fast Person Identification Using JPEG2000 Compressed ECG Data. International Conf. on Advanced Communications and Computation, July 2014.
  17. H.T. Wu, W.Y. Tsai and W.W. Chang, Design of a Real-Time ECG Signal Monitoring System Using a Mobile Telephone. Int. Conf. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Mar. 2013.
  18. H.T. Wu, C.H. Lin, and W.W. Chang, Symbol-Based Joint Decoding of Convolutionally Encoded Variable-Length Codes. International Conference on ITS Telecommunnications. Nov. 2012.
  19. Hung-Tsai Wu, Wei-Ying Tsai and Wen-Whei Chang, Distributed Source Coding for Mobile ECG Signal Monitoring. International Conference on ITS Telecommunications, Nov. 2012.
  20. Chun-Feng Wu, Tzu-Fan Hsu, and Wen-Whei Chang, Iterative Symbol Decoding of Convolutionally-Encoded Variable-Length Codes. International conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing, Singapore, Dec. 2011.
  21. Yung-Le Chang, Chun-Feng Wu and W.W. Chang, Joint Playout and FEC Control for Enhancing Perceived Quality of Multi-Stream Voice communication. European Signal Processing Conference. Barcelona, Spain. Aug. 2011.
  22. Yung-Le Chang, Chun-Feng Wu and Wen-Whei Chang, Joint Playout Buffer and FEC Adjustment for Multi-Stream Voice over IP Networks. International Workshop on Information Communication Technology. Bangkok, Thailand. Aug. 2010.
  23. Y. C. Pan, C. F. Wu and W. W. Chang (2009, Dec). Iterative Source-Channel Decoder Using Symbol-Level Extrinsic Information. International Conferences on Information, Communications and Signal Processing, Macau. Dec. 2009.
  24. C. F. Wu, Y. L. Chang and W. W. Chang, Perceptual-Based Playout Mechanisms for Multi-Stream Voice Over IP Networks. European signal processing conference, Glasgow, Scotland. Aug. 2009.
  25.  
  26. C. F. Wu, C. L. Lee and W. W. Chang, Perceptual-Based Playout Mechanisms for Multi-Stream Voice over IP. Interspeech'2007-Eurospeech, Antwerp, Belgium. Aug. 2007.
  27. C. F. Wu and W. W. Chang, Perceptual Optimization of Playout Buffer in VoIP Applications, International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, Beijing, China. Oct. 2006.
  28.  
  29. C. F. Wu, I. T. Lin and W. W. Chang, Adaptive Playout Scheduling for Multi-stream Voice Over IP Networks. European Signal Processing Conference, Florence, Italy. Sep. 2006.
  30. C. L. Lee and W. W. Chang, Memory-enhanced MMSE-based channel error mitigation for distributed speech recognition. Interspeech'2005-Eurospeech, Lisbon, Portugal. Sep. 2005.
  31. C. L. Lee, W. W. Chang and Y. C. Chiang, Application of Voice Conversion to Hearing-Impaired Mandarin Speech Enhancement. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Jeju Island, Korea. Oct. 2004.
  32. W. W. Chang, H. I. Hsu, and C. L. Lee, Joint Source-Channel Decoding for VQ over Channels with Memory . International Symposium on Communications, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. Dec. 2003.
  33. C. L. Lee, Y. R. Yang, W. W. Chang, and Y. C. Chiang, Enhancement of Hearing-Impaired Mandarin Speech. European Conference on speech Communication and Technology, Geneva, Switzerland. Sep. 2003.
  34. G. H. Lin, H. I. Hsu, and W. W. Chang, Sequence MAP Decoding in Vector Quantization for Channels with Memory. National Symposium on Telecommunications, Nantou, Taiwan. Dec. 2002.
  35. H. I. Hsu, W. W. Chang, Xiaobei Liu, and Soo Ngee Koh, MMSE Decoding for Vector Quantization over Channels with Memory. IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding, Tsukuba, Japan. Oct. 2002.
  36. C. L. Lee, W. W. Chang, Y. C. Chu, and H. I. Hsu, Voice Conversion for Enhancing the Hearing-Impaired Speech . International Symposium on Communications, Tainan, Taiwan. Nov. 2001.
  37. W. H. Tsai, W. W. Chang, Y. C. Chu, and C. S. Huang, Explicit Exploitation of Stochastic Characteristics of Test Utterance for Text-independent Speaker Identification. European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Aalborg, Denmark. Sep. 2001.
  38. W. H. Tsai, W. W. Chang, Y. C. Chu, and C. S. Huang, Background Learning of Speaker Voices for Text-Independent Speaker Identification. European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Aalborg, Denmark. Sep. 2001.
  39. W. W. Chang and H. I. Hsu, Robust Vector Quantization for Channels with Memory. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Washington D.C., U.S.A. June 2001.
  40. H. I. Hsu, W. W. Chang, and C. J. Lee, A Hadamard Framework for Constrained VQ Codebook Design . Asia Pacific Conference on Multimedia Technology and Applications, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dec. 2000.
  41. W. W. Chang and H. I. Hsu, Cryptanalysis of DFT-Based Speech Scramblers Using Genetic Algorithms . National Symposium on Telecommunications, Chungli, Taiwan. Dec. 2000.
  42. H. I. Hsu and W. W. Chang, Robust Vector Quantization Using the Hadamard Transform. Workshop on Consumer Electronics, Taipei, Taiwan. Oct. 2000.
  43. W. H. Tsai, C. Che, and W. W. Chang, Text-independent Speaker Identification Using Gaussian Mixture Bigram Models . International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Beijing, China. Oct. 2000.
  44. W. W. Chang, H. I. Hsu, and D. Y. Wang. Robust Vector Quantization for Channels with Memory, European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Budapest, Hungary, Sept. 1999.
  45. W. H. Tsai and W. W. Chang, Chinese Dialect Identification Using An Acoustic-Phonotactic Model, European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Budapest, Hungary, Sept. 1999.
  46. C.S. Wu, D.Y. Wang, and W.W. Chang, Index Assignment in Vector Quantization for Noisy Channels, IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, Taipei, Taiwan. Oct. 1998
  47. W. W. Chang and D. Y. Wang, Techniques for Improving Sinusoidal Transform Vocoders, ICASSP, Seattle, Washington, USA, 1998.
  48. D.Y Wang, and W.W. Chang, Perceptual Coding of Sine-Wave Amplitude at Low Data Rates, International Symposium on Communication, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Dec 1997
  49. W.W Chang, H.T. Chang, and W.Y. Meng, Missing Packet Recovery Techniques for DM Coded Speech, European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Rhodes, Greece, Sep. 1997.
  50. W.W Chang, D.Y. Wang, and L.W. Wang, Audio Coding Using Sinusoidal Excitation Representation, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Munich, Germany, Apr 1997.
  51. W.W. Chang, H.I. Hsu, and T.H. Tan, Automated Cryptanalysis of Bandsplitter-Based Speech Scramblers, Taiwan-Japan Joint Workshop on the Latest Development of Telecommunication Research, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Jan. 1997.
  52. T.H. Tan and W.W. Chang, A Binary Channel Characterization Using Genetic Algorithm, Taiwan-Japan Joint Workshop on Latest Development of Telecommunication Research, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Jan. 1997.
  53. W.W. Chang and T.H. Tan, Statistical Characterization of Error Sequences and Its Applications to Error Control, IEEE Region Ten Conference, Perth, Western Australia, Nov. 1996.
  54. T.H. Tan and W.W. Chang, Estimation of Gilbert’s Model Parameters Using the Simulated Annealing Method, IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Taipei, Taiwan, Oct. 1996.
  55. T.H. Tan and W.W. Chang, Statistical Characterization of Error Sequences and Its Applications to Speech Digitization, International Symposium on Communications, Taipei, Taiwan, Dec 1995.
  56. W.W. Chang, J.Y. Wang, and T.H. Tan, Statistical Cryptanalysis of DFT-Based Analog Speech Scramblers, International Symposium on Information Theory and Its applications, Sydney, Australia, Nov 1994.
  57. W.W. Chang and L.W. Wang, “Multi-Sinusoid Excitation Model for Audio Coding,” International Conference on Communication Systems, Singapore, November 1994.
  58. W. W. Chang, K. Y. Lee, “Kalman Backward Adaptive Algorithm in Predictive Coding,” International Symposium on Communications, Hsinchu, Taiwan, December 1993.
  59. W. W. Chang and C. T. Wang, “Audio Coding Using Masking-Threshold Adapted Perceptual Filter,” IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications, Quebec, Canada, October 1993.
  60. W. W. Chang, S. H. Chen, Y. S. Lin, “Neural Network Mapping to Masking Threshold,” HD-Media Technology and Application Workshops, Taipei, Taiwan, October 1993.
  61. J. Y. Wang, W. W. Chang, Y. K. Chen, and C. Y. Sun, “Fast CELP System with Shape/Gain Codebook,” National Symposium on Telecommunications, Chungli, Taiwan, December 1992.
  62. W. W. Chang, S. H. Chen, L. V. Wang, and Y. S. Lin, “Model-Classified CELP Coding of Wideband Audio,” HD-Media Technology and Application Workshops, Taipei, Taiwan, November 1992.
  63. W. W. Chang and J. Y. Liour, “Vector-Sum Codebook Structure for Variable Rate Speech Coding,” International Symposium on Information Theory and Its Applications, Singapore, November 0992
  64. W. W. Chang and J. H. Chen, “Backward Adaptive Configuration for Low Delay Multi-Tree Coding,” International Symposium on Communications, Tainan, Taiwan, December 1991.
  65. W.W. Chang and C.Y. Yang, Kalman Filtering of Colored Quantization Noise in DPCM Systems, IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications, Whistler, Canada, Sep 1991.
  66. J.D. Gibson, Y.C. Cheong, H.C. Woo, and W.W. Chang, A Comparison of Backward Adaptive Prediction Algorithms in Low Delay Speech Coders, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Albuquerque, U.S.A., Apr 1990.
  67. J.D. Gibson, T.R. Fischer, W.W. Chang, Source Coder Structural Constraints and Information Patterns, International Symposium on Information Theory, San Diego, U.S.A., Jan 1990.
  68. W.W. Chang and J.D. Gibson, Smoothed DPCM Codes, International Symposium on Information Theory, San Diego, U.S.A., Jan 1990.
  69. J.D. Gibson and W.W. Chang, Fractional Rate Multi-Tree Speech Coding, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, U.S.A., Nov 1989.
  70. J.D. Gibson, Y.C. Cheong, H.C. Woo, and W.W. Chang, Backward Adaptive Prediction Algorithms in Multi-Tree Speech Coders, IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding for Telecommunications, Vancouver, Canada, Sep. 1989.
  71. J.D. Gibson, T.R. Fischer, and W.W. Chang, Information Patterns and Source Coding, Twenty-Sixth Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Illinois, U.S.A., Jun, 19893
  72. W.W. Chang and J.D. Gibson, Path Map Symbol Release Algorithms and the Exponential Tree, International Conference on Advance in Communications and Control Systems, Baton Rouge, U.S.A., Oct 1988.
  73. W.W. Chang and J.D. Gibson, A Comparison of Adaptive Code Generators for Tree Coding of Speech, 31st Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, St. Louis, U.S.A., Aug 1998.

專書
  1. W.W. Chang and J.D. Gibson. Path map symbol release algorithms and the exponential metric tree. In Advances in Communications and Signal Processing (pp. 151-162). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  2. C. M. Liu and W. W. Chang. Audio Coding Standards (Chapter 6), Multimedia Communications: Directions and Innovations . New York, USA: Academic Press. Dec, 2000.
  3. J. D. Gibson, Y. C. Cheong, H. C. Woo, and W. W. Chang. Backward Adaptive Prediction Algorithms in Multi-Tree Speech Coders (Chapter 3), Advances in Speech Coding. New York, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dec, 1991.

專利
  1. D.Y. Wang, W.W. Chang, H.T. Chang, and H.L. Yang, Method of Amplitude Coding for Low Bit Rate Sinusoidal Transform Vocoder. U.S.A. Patent (No 6052658) April, 2000.
  2. 王德譽,張文輝,張懷祖,楊凰琳. 一種低位元率正弦轉換語音編碼器之振幅編碼改進方法.中華民國專利(專利號碼104645), May, 1999.
  3. 張文輝,陳信宏. 碼書激勵編碼法及裝置.中華民國專利(專利號碼070950),1993.
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